By default, Artifactory allows anonymous access to Bower repositories. This is defined under Security | General Configuration. For details please refer to Allow Anonymous Access.
If you want to be able to trace how users interact with your repositories you need to uncheck the Allow Anonymous Access setting. This means that users will be required to enter their username and password.
Unfortunately, the Bower command line tool does not support authentication and you will need to add your credentials to the URL of the bower registry configured in ~/.bowerrc:
Replacing the default registry with credentials
{ "registry": "http://admin:password@localhost:8081/artifactory/api/bower/bower-repo" }
Use an encrypted password
Use an encrypted password instead of clear-text; see Centrally Secure Passwords.