An appropriate approach for setting up an Artifactory High Availability system with container isolation would be to use multi-host networking, although employing Docker Swarm functionality is optional). A helpful tutorial is available HERE.
After setting up your key-value controller, you can add an overlaying network for your Artifactory HA nodes. To allow for load balancing, you can also introduce to your already-assembled network an additional server (e.g., Nginx), which will function as an exposed endpoint to the underlying HA setup.