When viewing an artifact within the Tree Browser, you can see all of the builds with which that artifact is associated, whether directly or as a dependency in the Builds tab.
Moreover, if you try to remove the artifact you will receive a warning that the build will no longer be reproducible.
Note
The association of an artifact with a build is retained even if you move or copy it within Artifactory, because the association linked to the artifact's checksum which remains constant, regardless of the its location.