Xray Single Node Manual Debian Installation

JFrog Installation & Setup Documentation
Content Type
Installation & Setup

Before you proceed with the installation, review the system requirements.

Xray System Requirements
Xray System Requirements and Platform Support

Xray's system requirements are dependent on the scale of your environment.

Sizings

Non-Kubernetes Deployment

Up to 100K indexed artifacts. No High Availability

Component

Nodes

CPU Cores

Memory

Disk Space

Xray and DB

1

6

24 GB

500 GB (SSD, 3000 IOPS)

RabbitMQ

1

4

8 GB

100GB (SSD, 3000 IOPS)

JFrog Advanced Security

1

6

24 GB

500 GB (SSD, 3000 IOPS)

Up to 1M indexed artifacts

Component

Nodes

CPU Cores

Memory

Disk Space

Xray

2

4

8 GB

300 GB

DB

1

8

32 GB

500 GB (SSD, 3000 IOPS)

RabbitMQ Split

3

4

8 GB

100GB (SSD, 3000 IOPS)

JFrog Advanced Security

2

8

24 GB

300 GB

Up to 2M indexed artifacts

Component

Nodes

CPU Cores

Memory

Disk Space

Xray

3

6

12 GB

300 GB

DB

1

16

32 GB

1 TB (SSD, 3000 IOPS)

RabbitMQ Split

3

4

8 GB

100GB (SSD, 3000 IOPS)

JFrog Advanced Security

4

8

24 GB

300 GB

Up to 10M indexed artifacts

Component

Nodes

CPU Cores

Memory

Disk Space

Xray

3

8

24 GB

300 GB

DB

1

16

64 GB

2.5 TB (SSD, 3000 IOPS)

RabbitMQ Split

3

4

8 GB

100GB (SSD, 3000 IOPS)

JFrog Advanced Security

8

8

24 GB

300 GB

Over 10M indexed artifacts

Contact JFrog Support.

For Xray HA (High Availability) installations (more than one node and 100k indexed artifacts), it is recommended to install RabbitMQ and Xray on separate servers using split mode. For further details, please refer to our page here.

RabbitMQ Note

RabbitMQ is a crucial component of the Xray architecture, acting as a message broker for communication between various application services. Multiple queues facilitate communication channels between producers and consumers. For more information, please refer to our page here.

Kubernetes Deployment

We have included YAML files with different sizing configurations for Artifactory, Xray, and Distribution in our GitHub pages. You can use these YAML files when you set up your cluster.

Note: From Helm chart 103.124 version of JFrog Xray, JFrog added support for Quorum Queues in RabbitMQ. This requires a minimum of three nodes of RabbitMQ and ensures fault tolerance of at least one node.  A non-HA setup of 1 node is also supported.

Note: We recommend a three-node cluster of RabbitMQ for Xray. Large clusters increase the overhead of replication and could affect the throughput. Our application has been tuned to work in a three-node setup.

Xray and RabbitMQ Nodes Recommendations
To mitigate performance bottlenecks, avoid port conflicts, and prevent unusual configurations, use a dedicated node for Xray and RabbitMQ with no other software running.Scalability

Xray

You can create a high-availability cluster by adding multiple nodes (1, 2, 3, ...n) to distribute the workload and increase capacity.

RabbitMQ 

An odd number of servers is required for RabbitMQ to work effectively for Quorum Queues. We recommend a three-node cluster for RabbitMQ, and if additional capacity is needed, this can be met through vertical scaling. Connect with us if you see a need for this.

Quorum Queues Notes

Starting with version 3.124.x Xray supports Quorum Queues.RabbitMQ has discontinued support for Classic Queue mirroring in version 3.0 and deprecated it in version 4.0. With this, JFrog will be deprecating Classic Queue support in upcoming releases.

A highly available RabbitMQ cluster with Quorum Queues requires a minimum of three nodes.A two-node cluster with RabbitMQ Quorum Queues will not be fault-tolerant.More than three node clusters won’t add fault tolerance and can weaken RMQ performance.

RMQ QQ nodes

HA

Comments

1

No

Simple deployment. Good for POC or small setups.

2

No

Degraded mode. Not recommended for the production.Can be present temporarily, if one node of a 3-node cluster is down.

3

Yes

Can survive one node absence

4+

Yes

Possible performance degradation. Waste of nodes

For more information, please refer to the RabbitMQ Quorum Queues documentation here.

Xray Storage Recommendations

In most cases, our recommendation is to use an SSD drive for Xray to have better performance and it is not recommended to use an NFS drive, as it is a disk I/O-intensive service, a slow NFS server can suffer from I/O bottlenecks and NFS is mostly used for storage replication.

Xray stores node-specific files, such as configuration and temporary files, to the disk. These files are exclusively used by Xray and not shared with other services. Since the local storage used for Xray services is temporary, it does not require replication between the different nodes in a multi-node/HA deployment.

Xray File Handle Allocation Limit

Use the following command to determine the current file handle allocation limit.

cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max

Then, set the following parameters in your /etc/security/limits.conf file to the lower of 100,000 or the file handle allocation limit determined above.

The example shows how the relevant parameters in the /etc/security/limits.conf file are set to 100000. The actual setting for your installation may be different depending file handle allocation limit in your system.

root hard nofile 100000
root soft nofile 100000
xray hard nofile 100000
xray soft nofile 100000
postgres hard nofile 100000
postgres soft nofile 100000
Operating Systems and Platform Support

The following table lists the supported operating systems and their versions:

Product

Debian

RHEL

Ubuntu

Amazon Linux

Windows Server

Xray

10.x, 11.x

8.x, 9.x

20.04, 22.04

Amazon Linux 2023

Note

Debian 12.x and Ubuntu 24.04 are supported from Artifactory 7.104 and Distribution 2.28.

Windows 2022 is supported from Artifactory 7.125.

Supported Platforms

The following table lists the supported platforms:

Product

x86-64

ARM64

Kubernetes

OpenShift

Xray

1.27+

4.14+

Installation on Kubernetes environments is through Helm Charts. Supported Helm version is Helm 3+.

Kubernetes Sizing Requirements

We have included YAML files with different sizing configurations for Artifactory , Xray, and Distribution in our GitHub pages. You can use these YAML files when you set up your cluster.

ARM64 Support for Container-Based Installations

Artifactory, Xray and Distribution supports installation on ARM64 architecture specifically through Helm and Docker installations. When deploying a product on an ARM64 platform, an external database must be set up as Artifactory does not support the bundled database for ARM64 installations. The appropriate ARM64 Container Image is automatically pulled during the Helm or Docker installation process.

Database and Third-Party Applications in Xray
Database

Every artifact and build indexed by Xray is broken down into multiple components. These components and their interrelationships are represented in a checksum-based components graph. Xray uses PostgreSQL to store and query this component's graph.

Xray supports the following PostgreSQL versions:

PostgreSQL Version

Xray Version

17.x

3.121

16.x

3.107

15.x

3.78.9

14.x

13.x

3.18

RabbitMQ

RabbitMQ is installed as part of the Xray installation for every node. In an HA architecture, Xray utilises queue mirroring and replication between different RabbitMQ nodes. The recommended installation method involves using split mode and setting up a separate 3-node RabbitMQ cluster with Xray HA.

Note: JFrog has added support for RabbitMQ Quorum Queues, available as an optional parameter in the system.yaml, because RabbitMQ has deprecated Classic Queue mirroring in version 4.x. Consequently, JFrog will also deprecate Classic Queue support and transition to Quorum Queues. It is recommended to enable Quorum Queues in Xray, as JFrog plans to fully transition to RabbitMQ 4.x and discontinue Classic Queue support in upcoming versions.

RabbitMQ Version

Quorum Queues

Classic Queues

Erlang Version compatibility

3.7.x

Not supported

Must

From 19.3 to 22.x

3.8.0 +

Recommended

Not recommended

From 23.2 to 24.3

3.13.0+

Recommended

Not recommended

From 26.0 to 26.2.x

4.x

Must

Not supported

From 26.2.x to 27.x

Xray encompasses multiple flows, including scanning, impact analysis, and database synchronisation. These flows require processing by various Xray microservices. Flows comprise multiple steps completed by the Xray services. Xray uses RabbitMQ to manage these different flows and track synchronous and asynchronous communication between microservices.

Erlang

Xray incorporates Erlang and DB-Util as third-party dependencies. These packages are bundled with all Xray installers except for the Linux Archive.

Please ensure you are using the correct Erlang version corresponding to your Xray version:

  • Xray versions 3.124.x requires Erlang 26. For more information on RabbitMQ and Erlang compatibility, please refer to the RabbitMQ and Erlang/OTP Compatibility Matrix.

  • Xray 3.124 and later versions need Erlang 27 if we have enabled the RabbitMQ 4.x using properties.

Xray Network Ports

Xray uses the 8082 port by default for external communication.

Xray uses the following internal ports by default for communication with JFrog Platform microservices.

Microservice

Port

Xray Server

8000

Analysis

7000

Indexer

7002

Persist

7003

Router

HTTP: 8082, 8046, 8049

gRPC: 8047

RabbitMQ

4369, 5671, 5672, 15672, 25672 and 35672 to 35682

PostgreSQL (if you use the bundled PostgreSQL database)

5432

Observability

HTTP: 8036

gRPC: 8037

Policy Enforcer

7009

The Debian installation bundles Xray and all its dependencies. It is provided as native Debian packages, where Xray and its dependencies must be installed separately. Use this, if you are automating installations.

Follow these steps to install the product:

  1. Extract the contents of the compressed archive, and go to the extracted folder.

  2. Install PostgreSQL.

    You can choose to install any compatible PostgreSQL version, or use the PostgreSQL RPM bundled with the Xray installer located under /third-party/postgresql.

    PostgreSQL is required and must be installed before continuing with the next installation steps.

    Set your PostgreSQL connection details in the Shared Configurations section of the $JFROG_HOME/xray/etc/system.yaml file.

  3. Install db-util.

    You can use the bundled db-utils found under /third-party/misc/.

    db-util allows Xray to interact with the Berkley DB that contains information about RPM-based Docker images. This way, Xray can index OS packages for these images.

    dpkg -i ./third-party/misc/db5.<version>.deb
dpkg -i ./third-party/misc/db-util_<version>.deb

  4. Install RabbitMQ dependencies.

    ubuntu 20.04 (focal)

    dpkg -i ./third-party/rabbitmq/socat_<version>.deb
dpkg -i ./third-party/rabbitmq/esl-erlang_<version>.deb

    ubuntu 22.04 (jammy)

    dpkg -i ./third-party/rabbitmq/esl-erlang_<version>.deb

    Debian 10 (buster)

    dpkg -i ./third-party/rabbitmq/socat_<version>.deb
dpkg -i ./third-party/rabbitmq/esl-erlang_<version>.deb

    Debian 11 (bullseye)

    dpkg -i ./third-party/rabbitmq/socat_<version>.deb
dpkg -i ./third-party/rabbitmq/esl-erlang_<version>.deb

    Note

    Run the following commands if you have any issues running the above commands to install the dependencies. These will include any missing dependencies from your system.

    Install any missing dependencies

    apt-get update
apt-get install -f -y
apt-get update

  5. Install Xray.

    You must run as a root user.

    dpkg -i ./xray/xray.deb

  6. Customize the product configuration.

    1. Set the Artifactory connection details.

    2. Customize the PostgreSQL Database connection details. (optional)

    3. Set any additional configurations (for example: ports, node id) using the Xray System.yaml configuration file.

      Warning

      Verify that a large file handle limitis specified before you start Xray.

  7. Start and manage the Xray service.

    systemd OS

    systemctl start|stop xray.service

    systemv OS

    service xray start|stop|status|restart

  8. Access Xray from your browser at: http://<jfrogUrl>/ui/:port.

    Go to the Xray Security & Compliance tab in the Administration module in the UI.

  9. Check Xray Log.

    tail -f $JFROG_HOME/xray/var/log/console.log

    Configure log rotation of the console log

    The console.log file can grow quickly since all services write to it. For more information, see configure the log rotation.Configuring Log Rotation for Tomcat

Xray Product Configuration

After installing and before running Xray, you may set the following configurations.

You can configure all your system settings using the system.yaml file located in the $JFROG_HOME/xray /var/etc folder. For more information, see Xray System YAML.

If you don't have a System YAML file in your folder, copy the template available in the folder and name it system.yaml.

For the Helm charts, the system.yaml file is managed in the chart’s values.yaml.

Artifactory Connection Details for Xray

Xray requires a working Artifactory server and a suitable license. The Xray connection to Artifactory requires the following parameters.

  • jfrogUrl

    URL to the machine where JFrog Artifactory is deployed, or the load balancer pointing to it. It is recommended to use DNS names rather than direct IPs. For example: http://jfrog.acme.com or http://10.20.30.40:8082. Note that /artifactory context is not longer required.

    Set it in the Shared Configurations section of the $JFROG_HOME/xray/var/etc/system.yamlfile.

  • join.key

    This is the "secret" key required by Artifactory for registering and authenticating the Xray server.

    You can fetch the Artifactory joinKey (join Key) from the JPD UI in the User Management | Settings | Join Key.

    Set the join.key used by your Artifactory server in the Shared Configurations section of the $JFROG_HOME/xray/var/etc/system.yaml file.

Change PostgreSQL database credentials

Xray comes bundled with a PostgreSQL database out-of-the-box, which come pre-configured with the default credentials.

To change the default credentials:

# Access PostgreSQL as the Xray user adding the optional -W flag to invoke the password prompt
$ psql -d xraydb -U xray -W
  
# Securely change the password for user "xray". Enter and then retype the password at the prompt.
\password xray
  
# Verify the update was successful by logging in with the new credentials
$ psql -d xraydb -U xray -W

Set your PostgreSQL connection details in the Shared Configurations section of the $JFROG_HOME/xray/var/etc/system.yaml file.

Change RabbitMQ database credentials

Xray comes pre-installed with RabbitMQ, by setting the Erlang cookie value as the RabbitMQ password for guest users.

RPM/Debian

  1. Set the new password in the$JFROG_HOME/app/bin/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conffile.

    default_pass = <new password>

  2. Set your RabbitMQ password in the Shared Configurations section of the $JFROG_HOME/xray/var/etc/system.yaml file.

  3. Restart all services.

    service xray restart / systemctl restart xray.service
Configure RabbitMQ to use FQDN for clustering

By default, RabbitMQ uses the short hostnames of other nodes in the cluster for communication. However, it be can be configured to use a fully qualified domain name (FQND) host name (a long hostname).

To configure RabbitMQ to use FQDN, follow these steps.

  1. Install Xray , but do not start the services.

  2. Modify the following files according to the installer type.

    • Linux and Native Installers

      In JFROG_HOME/app/bin/xray.default:
 
   export RABBITMQ_USE_LONGNAME=true

    • Common Change in All Installers

      In system.yaml:
 
shared:
  node:
    id: <long hostname>
    name: <long hostname>
## For secondary nodes only, provide the hostname of any of the active nodes where RabbitMQ service is running.
#  shared:
#    rabbitMq:
#      active:
#        node:
#          name: <long hostname of active node>

  3. Start RabbitMQ and the Xray services.

Third Party Log Collector

Xray enables using an external log collector such as Sumologic or Splunk.

To adjust the permissions to allow the log collection service perform read operations on the generated log files.

  1. Add the log collection service user to the relevant group if needed (the user and group that installed and started Xray).

  2. Apply the user and group permissions as needed on the $JFROG_HOME/xray/var/log directory using:

    $ chmod -R 640 $JFROG_HOME/xray/var/log

  3. Adjust the group read inheritance permissions setgid bit using:

    $ chmod -R 2755 $JFROG_HOME/xray/var/log

    This command enables the generated log files to inherit the folder's group permissions.